Insulator.



No. 893,265. PATENTED JULY 14. .1908. A. RICHARD.

INSULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 19 1905.

In en t r Wan A itomeys.

tors;

- AUGUSTO RIcHARn'oF MILAN, ITALY.

msULAtron.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 14, 1908.

Application filed March, 1905. Serial No. 250,806.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, AUGUsTo RICHARD, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland, residing at 115-117 San Cristoforo, Milan, Italy, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating toInsulaand I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such; as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make andjuse the same.

This invention relates to insulators such as are used for high voltageelectric power transmission lines and aims at reducing the possibilityof grounding the line through reakage or accident to the insulator.

A further aim; of the invention is to produce an insulator composed oftwo or more separable arts adapted to be interchanged or replaced byduplicate or similar parts.

Besides the electrical properties. exclusively depending upon thematerial it is made of and the shape chosen, an insulator, in order togive good results, must possess s ecial mechanical qualities on whichthe urability and exchangeab'ility of the insulator, as well as of thepossibility of avoiding contacts, leakages and accidents in the 7 caseof breakage, entirely depend.

. independent of each other.

The several pieces which an insulator of a somewhat large size usuallyconsists of,

have been heretofore connected by means mastlcs, and other slmiof moltenvarnishes,

lar substances. In the case of one part only (usually the upper part) ofan insulator getting broken, the-other part was generally injured or wasat least not longer available, owing to the adherence of the mastic,therefore the whole insulator had to be renewed.

An insulator made according to the present invention, consists of two ormore parts These parts are connected together by means of a detachablemechanical joint (screws and nuts, bayonet joints, grooves and tongues,etc.) Owing to the nature of the materials, (porcelain, glass,earthenware), it is impossible to provide the pieces themselves withnuts and screws exact y fitting into each other; moreover, thebrittleness and hardness of such materials would render the directapplication of a mechanical union by no means practical. It is thereforenecessary in order to overcome these drawbacks, to interpose betweentheparts to be joined a substance" more elastic and resilient thanporcelain,

glass, or earthenware, a substance, namely, susceptible of being shapedinto theform of screws, etc., according to the special construction ofthe insulator.

The accom anying drawings show, by Way of examp e only, Figure 1, aninsulator embodying my invention; Fig. 2, the bush ing made of elasticmaterial interposed between the two parts of which the insulatorconsists; 3, a vertical section of a modification 'on the line "If-LI]of Fig. 4; Fig. 4, a horizontal section thereof on the lines 0cw; andFig. 5, a sectional view, enlarged, of a portion of the bayonet joint.

In the insulating device the elements A and B, of which the insulatorconsists, enter each other in a manner analogous to a spigot and faucet,and are connected together by means of screw threaded metallic bushingsa, b, (see Fig. 2).

By such an arrangement the elements A and B composing the insulator, arerendered quite independent of one another as the elastic and toughintermediate material prevents anybreakage from extending from one tothe other part of the insulator. The bushings are secured in position bymeans of cement or other material, 0, d. It is moreover possible tochange only that element of the insulator, which has been broken,whereby a considerable economy in the maintenance'fof the line isobtained. The bpshings, o1 sockets, a, b, may also-consist 0 etc.)complying with theabove conditions.

They may also consist of fusible mastics or molten metal provided it bepossible to cut screw threads therein.

It is not indispensable to interpose two bushings between the elementsto be connected. One bushing only may do, either with the male or femalemember being caused to fit exactly to the screw or nut out into thesurface of the porcelain, glass, earthenware, or other material, ofwhich the elements of the insulator are made.

In the modification shown in Figs. 3 to 5, the male member e is in theform of a ring carrying a pin h on opposite sides. These pins engagewith slotsf, formed in the ring 9, which constitutes the female member.rings are secured to their respective supportteri Havingnow'particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention,

shown in Fig. 1,

non-metallic substances (leather, wood,

Both,

ing liarts by means of cement or other ma'- and in what manner the sameis to be per-. formed,'l declare that what I claim is:

1. An insulator composed of two readily separable elements made ofinsulating material, of the character of porcelain having co-acting maleand female parts provided with interacting fastening devices,substantially as set forth.

2-. In an insulator, the combination of two readily separable elementsmade of insulating material, of the character of porcelain, one of suchelements having a projection entering a socket in the other element, andinteracting fastening means carried by the coacting male and femaleparts of the elements, one of which fastening means being made of adifferent material from the elements, subst antially as set forth.

3. In an insulator, the combination of two readily separable elementsmade of insulating material, of the character of porcelain, one elementhaving a projection entering a socket on the other element, and bushingscarried by the male and female parts of the elements and provided withinteracting fastening means, substantially as set forth. I

4. In an insulator, the combination of two readily separable elementsmade .of insulating material, of the character of porcelain, one elementhaving a projection entering a socket in the other element, ofmetallicbushings having interacting ried by and secured to parts of theelements, substantially as set forth.

5.' In an insulator, the combination of two readily separable elementsmade of insulating material, of the character of porcelain, one elementhaving a projection entering a socket in the other element, and screwfastening means care threaded metallic bushings carried by the male andfemale parts of the elements and cemented thereto, substantially as setforth.

6. In an insulating support, in combination, a plurality ofmembersformed of nonconducting material, and metallic parts on each ofsaid members co;acting to form are tallic joints, byineans of which saidmembers are detachably connected to each other.

7. In an insulator, in combination, a member composed of non-conductingmaterial, a

the male and female metallic bushing affixed to the underside of saidmember, a second metallic bushing detachably carried by said first namedmetallic bushing, and a second insulating member affixed to said secondmetallic bushing.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

l AUGUSTO RICHARD. Witnesses:

.CARLO SALVOTTI,

MIcnELE DE DRAGO.

